Tuesday, January 22, 2013

Euebius of Caesarea: 6th Hour is Typo for 3rd Hour

From Corderius' Catena on John: Here is one of the subjects put forward for enquiry in Gospel PRoblems and Solutions, to Marinus, by Eusebius, known as the son of Pamphilus, of Caesarea: that the divine evangelist Mark said that the time at which Christ, our God and Saviour, was crucified was the third hour; but that John, the supreme theologian, write that it was at the sixth hour that Pilate took his seat out on the dias, at the place called the Stone Pavement, and passed sentence on Jesus. He says it is a textual error, overlooked by the original copyists of the gospels. The letter gamma, he says, means the third hour, but the episemon means the sixth; and, as these characters have a close resemblance to each other, a bulge in the elongated vertical stroke of the letter gamma, for the third hour, shifted it into the meaning of the episemon, for the sixth. Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 263 - 339), Gospel Problems and Solutions, Ed. Roger Pearse, pp. 219 and 221, Chieftan Publishing (Ipswich, 2010), David J.D. Miller, section translator. Cf. From Ishodad of Merv's commentary on Mark: Eusebius also bears witness to this in his letter on the suffering of our Lord that he wrote to Marinus: "John's 'at the sixth hour' is a scribal error, because the copyist was not paying attention as he copied the Gospels, for the letter which [stands for] the third hour and in Greek is called ἐπίσημον, looks like [the sign for] the sixth hour, and as the copyist, in a hurry, wanted to write 'three,' he erred and bent the letter back around a little bit, and it was found [to be] 'six.'" Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 263 - 339), Gospel Problems and Solutions, Ed. Roger Pearse, p. 349, Chieftan Publishing (Ipswich, 2010), Adam C. McCollum, section translator. Cf. From the letters of Severus of Antioch: Eusebius of Caesarea, too, who is called "Pamphilii," and whom we have mentioned a little bit above, when he was writing to a man called Marinus concerning questions about our Lord's suffering and resurrection, made no indication at all about this addition mentioned by us, as though it were unknown and not recorded in the books of the Gospel. But in these letters to Marinus on our Lord's suffering and resurrection -- [Marinus] had asked him for an explanation -- he explained in the letters as follows: Mark the divine Evangelist said it was the third hour at the time that Christ, God our Saviour, was crucified, but John the divine (he said) recorded that it was at the time of the sixth hour that Pilate sat on his bema at the place called the stone pavement and was judging Christ. Concerning this, Eusebius said it was the error of a scribe who was not paying attention as he copied the Gospel. For the letter gâmal [is] the one which indicates three hours, but the letter called ἐπίσημον in Greek indicates the number of six hours, and these two letters are similar in Greek. When the scribe, hurriedly wanting to write "three," he turned it backwards a little bit, and it was [then] found to be six, because -- in that the letter had been turned backwards -- it was thought to be the letter indicating six. Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 263 - 339), Gospel Problems and Solutions, Ed. Roger Pearse, pp. 345 & 347, Chieftan Publishing (Ipswich, 2010), Adam C. McCollum, section translator.